EU solidarity based on what relation?
by Marie Wachinger (Freie Universität Berlin)
Most theoretical accounts of solidarity refer to some sort of interpersonal relations based on shared goals (Sangiovanni), moral duties (Kolers), collective reasons (Derpmann), shared experience (Shelby) or societal structure (Durkheim). The term also usually entails some expectation of durability or reciprocity of the relation. This solid nature is often considered to be strongest in small, homogenous groups like families or personal friends, or in those that are exclusive through the shared opposition to a common enemy or threat. This seems plausible given the common historical and conceptual link to the concept of fraternity (frater=brother). But how can we conceive of a solid EU solidarity given the heterogeneous layout and the diversity of the European context, which can hardly be described as a group of siblings? Current political challenges to the EU as a political project empirically underpin such doubts. At the same time, it would be difficult to deny that EU citizens are linked by some degree of relation, even if this relation just represents the shared trauma of centuries of war or the high level of economic interdependence between EU countries.
In my presentation I will attempt to show how the facts of the shared historical heritage and of the socio-economic interdependence may be used to provide the normative basis for a relatively solid European solidarity, while at the same time making space for the coexistence of heterogenous elements within. I will argue that unlike on a global scale, there exists a potential for solidarity on the European level, although this is already a big stretch compared to the nation state – a unit traditionally considered of adequate scope for some forms of solidarity. Also, the type of solidarity I envision does not possess an exclusive nature. The understanding I propose may provide the basis for future conclusions to be drawn about the specific obligations arising out of a European solidary group.
In my presentation I will attempt to show how the facts of the shared historical heritage and of the socio-economic interdependence may be used to provide the normative basis for a relatively solid European solidarity, while at the same time making space for the coexistence of heterogenous elements within. I will argue that unlike on a global scale, there exists a potential for solidarity on the European level, although this is already a big stretch compared to the nation state – a unit traditionally considered of adequate scope for some forms of solidarity. Also, the type of solidarity I envision does not possess an exclusive nature. The understanding I propose may provide the basis for future conclusions to be drawn about the specific obligations arising out of a European solidary group.